Écriture Féminine in Ken Bugul’s De L’Autre Côté du Regard Écriture Féminine dalam novel Ken Bugul De L’Autre Côté du Regard
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Abstract
The article analyzes the representation of écriture féminine in Ken Bugul's De L’Autre Côté du Regard (DLCR) and its connection to feminist ideology and the narrator’s hybrid cultural identity. This research applies a close reading technique, utilizing the framework of feminist narratology by Lanser (1986) and écriture féminine by Cixous (1976) and Brahimi (2000). Through data analysis, it is found that the narrative structure of DLCR, which represents the concept of écriture féminine, appears very fluid and non-linear, similar to writing pattern of memoirs. Repetitive phrases are found that represent the narrator’s deepest emotions regarding her maternal relationship and her in-between identity within postcolonial context. The results indicate that the structure of écriture féminine in DLCR appears to represent the narrator’s process of reconciliation, not only related to the maternal relationship with her biological mother but also to her motherland, Senegal. By incorporating the voice of other women, the text opens up a collective space of solidarity emblematic of African feminism. DLCR's narrative is argued to offer a distinctly African reinterpretation of feminism where bodily experience, ancestral tradition, and political resistance converge, ultimately presenting writing as an aesthetic and emancipatory act of postcolonial female self-definition.
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Subekti, M., Maulana, S., & Sarathan, I. (2025). Écriture Féminine in Ken Bugul’s De L’Autre Côté du Regard. Diglosia: Jurnal Kajian Bahasa, Sastra, Dan Pengajarannya, 8(4), 983-996. https://doi.org/10.30872/diglosia.v8i4.1279
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References
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Sacharewicz, E. (2023). Ken Bugul’s language: Its formation and characteristics. Literatūra, 65(4), 20–29. https://doi.org/10.15388/Litera.2023.65.4.2
Sani, F. F. (2023). Kritik terhadap wacana patriarki dalam novel La civilisation, ma mère!...karya Driss Chraïbi. Diglosia: Jurnal Kajian Bahasa, Sastra, Dan Pengajarannya, 6(2), 573–596. https://doi.org/10.30872/diglosia.v6i2.646
Subekti, M., Priyatna, A., & Aksa, Y. (2013). Perspektif feminis Afrika dalam novel Riwan ou Le Chemin du Sable. Metasastra, 6(2), 91–102. https://doi.org/10.26610/metasastra.2013.v6i2.91-102
Utami, N. N. A. (2022). Penggunaan fitur bahasa perempuan pada novel Tempurung karya Oka Rusmini. Diglosia: Jurnal Kajian Bahasa, Sastra, Dan Pengajarannya, 5(2), 327–340. https://doi.org/10.30872/diglosia.v5i2.282
Yovela, S., Priyatna, A., & Prabasmoro, T. (2024). Ambivalent identity as abject in Maxine Hong Kingston’s The Woman Warrior and China Men. Diglosia: Jurnal Kajian Bahasa, Sastra, Dan Pengajarannya, 7(3), 373–384. https://doi.org/10.30872/diglosia.v7i3.971
Akujobi, R. (2011). Motherhood in African literature and culture. CLCWeb: Comparative Literature and Culture, 13(1). https://doi.org/10.7771/1481-4374.1706
Beauvoir, S. de. (2016). The second sexe: Simone de Beauvoir fakta dan mitos (T. B. Febriantono, Ed.). Narasi-Poestaka Promethea.
Brahimi, D. (2000). Femmes et littérature en Afrique et aux Antilles/ La place des Africaines dans l’écriture féminine. Palabres, III(1), 161–170.
Bray, A. (2004). Helene Cixous: Writing and sexual differance. Palgrave Macmillan.
Bugul, K. (2000). Ecrire aujourd’hui: Questions, enjeux, défis. Notre Librairie (Revue Des Littératures Du Sud), (142), 6–11. https://aflit.arts.uwa.edu.au/KenBugulNL.html
Bugul, K. (2003). De l’autre côté du regard. Le Serpent à Plumes.
Bugul, K. (2013). Langue, savoir, bien commun [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FmQIT2xvXoU
Bugul, K., Bourget, C., & d’Almeida, I. A. (2003). Entretien avec Ken Bugul. The French Review, 77(2), 352–363. https://www.jstor.org/stable/3132781
Cixous, H. (1976). The laugh of medusa. Signs, 1(4), 875–893. https://www.jstor.org/stable/3173239
D’Almeida, A. I., & Hamou, S. (1991). L’écriture féminine en Afrique noire francophone: Le temps du miroir. Études Littéraires, 24(2), 41–50. https://doi.org/10.7202/500966ar
Diop, I. S. (2019). African mythology, femininity, and maternity. Palgrave Macmillan.
Diop, M. (2022). Le sexe comme moteur de domination de la femme dans la littérature africaine francophone. Revue-Akofena, 9(2), 165–172. https://doi.org/10.48734/akofena.s09v2.14.2022
Dutta-Flanders, R. (2017). The language of suspense in crime fiction. Palgrave Macmillan. https://doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-47028-7
Jensen, M. S. (2000). La notion de nature dans les théories de l’écriture féminine. Clio. Histoire, Femmes et Sociétés, 1(11), 8. https://doi.org/10.4000/clio.218
Kamara, G. M. (2001). The feminist struggle in the Senegalese novel: Mariama Ba and Sembene Ousmane. Journal of Black Studies, 32(2), 212–228. https://www.jstor.org/stable/3180961
Kane, C. (2021). La parole aux négresses d’Awa Thiam: Relecture d’une oeuvre pionnière du féminisme africain. Études Littéraires Africaines, 51, 63–75. https://doi.org/10.7202/1079599ar
Lanser, S. S. (1986). Toward a feminist narratology. Style, 20(3), 341–363. https://www.jstor.org/stable/42945612
Latha, R. (2016). Articulating visibility in the African-Muslim contexts of Mariama Bâ’s So Long a Letter and Leila Abouzeid’s Year of the Elephant: A Moroccan woman’s journey toward independence. Journal of Literary Studies, 32(1), 84–104. https://doi.org/10.1080/02564718.2016.1158989
Maleka, P., Ngwenya, G., & Curry-Ardrey, S. (2023). Triple whammy oppression: Intersections of race, sex and class among some black women: A case study of Mankweng community, Limpopo province of South Africa. African Journal of Gender, Society & Development, 12(4), 229. https://hdl.handle.net/10520/ejc-aa_jgida1_v12_n4_a11
Ndiaye, A. F., & Sagna, M. (2017). Le Baobab fou, Riwan ou le chemin de sable et de l’autre côté du regard: Les autobiographies féministes de Ken Bugul. Nouvelles Études Francophones, 32(1), 57–69. https://doi.org/10.1353/nef.2017.0005
Priyatna, A. (2015). Kajian budaya feminisme: Tubuh, sastra dan budaya pop. Jalasutra.
Priyatna, A. (2021). Writing a feminine subject: The auto/biographical narratives of Indonesian female celebrities. SAGE Open, 11(3). https://doi.org/10.1177/21582440211032660
Rich, A. (1995). Of women born. W. W. Norton & Company.
Sacharewicz, E. (2019). The role of music in Ken Bugul’s novels. Literatūra, 61(4), 44–53. https://doi.org/10.15388/Litera.2019.4.3
Sacharewicz, E. (2023). Ken Bugul’s language: Its formation and characteristics. Literatūra, 65(4), 20–29. https://doi.org/10.15388/Litera.2023.65.4.2
Sani, F. F. (2023). Kritik terhadap wacana patriarki dalam novel La civilisation, ma mère!...karya Driss Chraïbi. Diglosia: Jurnal Kajian Bahasa, Sastra, Dan Pengajarannya, 6(2), 573–596. https://doi.org/10.30872/diglosia.v6i2.646
Subekti, M., Priyatna, A., & Aksa, Y. (2013). Perspektif feminis Afrika dalam novel Riwan ou Le Chemin du Sable. Metasastra, 6(2), 91–102. https://doi.org/10.26610/metasastra.2013.v6i2.91-102
Utami, N. N. A. (2022). Penggunaan fitur bahasa perempuan pada novel Tempurung karya Oka Rusmini. Diglosia: Jurnal Kajian Bahasa, Sastra, Dan Pengajarannya, 5(2), 327–340. https://doi.org/10.30872/diglosia.v5i2.282
Yovela, S., Priyatna, A., & Prabasmoro, T. (2024). Ambivalent identity as abject in Maxine Hong Kingston’s The Woman Warrior and China Men. Diglosia: Jurnal Kajian Bahasa, Sastra, Dan Pengajarannya, 7(3), 373–384. https://doi.org/10.30872/diglosia.v7i3.971